Page 285 - dyser_Stankevych

285

ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɿ ɭ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɡɿ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɿɜ

ɪɭɣɧɭɜɚ ɦɟɬɚɥ ɩɨɤɚɡɭɸɬɶ [517], ɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧ ɦɟɬɚɥ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ

Ɍȿɋ ɭ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɚɯ ɬɪɿɳɢɧ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɥɢ ɜɢɫɨɤɿ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɿʀ ɜɭɝɥɟɰɸ ɬɚ ɧɢɡɤɢ ɿɧɲɢɯ

ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ (S, Cl, O 2), ɹɤɿ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ ɜɯɨɞɢɥɢ ɞɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɞɨɦɿɲɨɤ ɬɟɩɥɨɧɨɫɿɹ ɛɥɨɤɭ.

ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɿ ɨɤɢɫɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɿ ɭɦɨ ɧɟɣ-

ɤɢɫɧɟ ɚɦɿɚɱɧɨɝ ɪɟɠɢɦɿɜ, ɯɿɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ

ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɭ ɦɿɠ ɜɭɝɥɟɰɟɦ ɿ ɤɢɫɧɟɦ ɜ ɨɞɧɿɣ ɫɩɨɥɭɰɿ, ɹɤɚ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɧɹ ɭ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɿ ɬɪɿɳɢɧɢ

ɤɨɪɨ ɜɢɪɚɡɰɿ. ɬɚɤɨɠ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥ ɧɢɡɤ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɭ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɿ

ɬɪɿɳɢɧɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɦɟɬɚɥɭ. ȼɢɹɜɢɥɢ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭ ɫɤɚɧɨɝɪɚɦ

ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥɭ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ, ɧɚɫɚɦɩɟɪɟɞ, ɜɭɝɥɟɰɸ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɤɢɫɧɸ, ɜɨɞɧɸ, ɤɪɟɦɧɿɸ, ɚɡɨɬɭ,

ɯɥɨɪɭ ɝɪɭɩɭɜɚɥɢɫ ɭɹ ɨɫɿ ɬɪɿɳɢɧɢ. ɫ ɩ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɭ

ɡɚɡɧɚ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ (ɫɩɨɥɭɤ, ɦɿɫɬɹɬɶ) ɿ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ (ɠɢɜɢɥɶɧɨʀ

ɜɨɞɢ) ɭ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɭ ɩɿɞɪɨɫɬɚɸɱɨʀ ɤɨɪɨɡɢɜɧɨʀ ɬɪɿɳɢɧɢ.

Ɇɟɯɚɧɿɡɦ ɧɚɜɨɞɧɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɟɬɚɥɭ ɠɢɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ. ȼɢɤɨɧɚɧɿ ɭ ɩɪɚɰɿ

[517] ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧ ɜɚɠɥɢɜɭ ɪ ɭ ɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɭɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ ɦɟ ɨɪɝɚ-

ɞɨɦɿɲɨɤ, ɹɤɿ ɩɪɢɫ ɠɢɜɢɥɶɧɿ ɜɨɞɿ, ɩɿɞɬɜɟɪɞɠɭɽ ɜɢɫɨɤɢɦ
ɜɦɿ ɜɭɝɥɟ ɭ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɚɯ ɬɪɿɳɢɧ. ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɨɫ ɬɟɩɥɨɧɨɫɿʀ ɤɢɫ ɨɪɝɚ-

ɧɿɤɚ ɜ ɬɪɚɤɬɿ ɛɥɨɤɿɜ ɇȼɌ ɩɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɨ ɩɚɫɢɜɧɨ. ȼ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɠɟ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨ-
ɤɢɫɧɟ ɚɦɿ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɽɬ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɚ

ɤɨɪɨɡɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɞɨɦɿɲɨɤ. Ɉɫɬɚɧɧɿ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɧɨɫ ɤɢɫɧ ɨɤɢɫɥɸ-
ɸɬɶɫɹ, ɡ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧ ɪ ɬɪɚɤɬɿ ɛɥɨɤɭ – ɬɟɪ-

ɦɿ ɪɨɡɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ. Ɂɚɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɪɨɞɭ ɨɤɢɫɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ, ɬɟɪɦɿɱ-

ɪɨɡɤɥɚɞ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɜɢ ɤɨɪɨɡɢɜɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ. ɧɚɣɩɪɨɫɬɿ-

ɪɟɚɤɰɿ ɨɤɢɫɥɸɜɚ ɨɪɝ ɭ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɿ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ

ɭɬɜɨ ɜɭɝɿɥɶɧɨʀ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɢ. ɍɬɜɨɪɟ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ (ɨɰɬɨɜɚ,

ɦɭɪɚɲɢɧɚ, ɦɚɫɥɹɧɚ, ɩɪɨɩɿɨɧɨɜɚ ɬɨɳɨ) ɭ ɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɧɿ ɬɪɿɳɢɧɢ (ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨ ɩɨɛɥɢɡɭ ʀʀ

ɜɟɪɲɢɧɢ) ɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ, ɧɟɦɢɧɭ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɡ ɤɨɪɨ-

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɢ, ɧɚɜɨɞ ɦɟɬɚɥɭ ɩɨɛɥɢɡɭ ɛɟɪɟɝ ɧɚɣɛɿɥ ɡɨɧɿ

ɩɟɪɟɞɪɭɣɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɜ ɨɤɨɥɿ ʀʀ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɢ. ɇɚɞɦɿɪɧɟ ɧɚɜɨɞɧɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɨɤɢɫɧɟɧɧɹ Ɍɀ ɽ